π Topic 05 of 6 Β· Chapter 10 Β· Scientific Institutions of India
IITs, IISc & TIFR β Premier Institutions
IIT Kharagpur first IIT, IISc Bengaluru, TIFR Mumbai, IISER β complete notes for UPSC & PSC exams.
π IITs β Indian Institutes of Technology
| IIT | Location | Year | Key Fact |
|---|---|---|---|
| IIT Kharagpur | West Bengal | 1951 | First IIT in India; established on Sarkar Committee recommendation; on site of Hijli Detention Camp |
| IIT Bombay | Mumbai, Maharashtra | 1958 | Soviet assistance; strong in technology and management |
| IIT Madras | Chennai, Tamil Nadu | 1959 | German assistance; consistently top-ranked IIT |
| IIT Kanpur | Uttar Pradesh | 1959 | US assistance; strong in research |
| IIT Delhi | New Delhi | 1961 | British assistance; strong in technology and management |
- India now has 23 IITs across the country
- IITs are declared Institutes of National Importance under the IIT Act
- Admission through JEE Advanced β one of world’s most competitive exams
- IIT alumni include: Sundar Pichai (Google CEO), Satya Nadella (Microsoft CEO), Arvind Krishna (IBM CEO)
π IISc β Indian Institute of Science
- Founded: 1909 in Bengaluru, Karnataka
- Founded with support of Jamsetji Tata (industrialist) and Maharaja of Mysore
- India’s top research university; consistently ranked among world’s best
- C.V. Raman worked here and discovered the Raman Effect (1928) β Nobel Prize 1930
- Offers undergraduate (BS), postgraduate, and doctoral programmes in science and engineering
π TIFR β Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- Founded: 1945 in Mumbai by Dr. Homi J. Bhabha
- India’s premier institution for basic science research
- Funded by Department of Atomic Energy (DAE)
- Research in physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, computer science
- Campuses in Mumbai, Hyderabad, Bengaluru, Pune
π IISERs β Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research
- 7 IISERs: Pune, Kolkata, Mohali, Bhopal, Thiruvananthapuram, Tirupati, Berhampur
- Integrate science education with research at undergraduate level
- Offer BS-MS dual degree programmes in basic sciences
- Declared Institutes of National Importance
β Key Facts:
β’ First IIT = IIT Kharagpur (1951); India has 23 IITs total
β’ IISc = Bengaluru = 1909 = Jamsetji Tata + Maharaja of Mysore
β’ C.V. Raman = IISc = Raman Effect (1928) = Nobel Prize Physics 1930
β’ TIFR = Mumbai = 1945 = Dr. Homi Bhabha = basic science research
β’ IISERs = 7 institutions = integrate science education with research
β’ First IIT = IIT Kharagpur (1951); India has 23 IITs total
β’ IISc = Bengaluru = 1909 = Jamsetji Tata + Maharaja of Mysore
β’ C.V. Raman = IISc = Raman Effect (1928) = Nobel Prize Physics 1930
β’ TIFR = Mumbai = 1945 = Dr. Homi Bhabha = basic science research
β’ IISERs = 7 institutions = integrate science education with research