Environment & Ecology
Ecosystems, biodiversity, pollution and environmental laws — chapter-wise notes
9 ChaptersAPPSCTGPSC
Environment & Ecology
Chapter-wise Study Notes
Click any chapter to read notes, key points and attempt practice questions
Ecology Fundamentals
CHAPTER 01
Ecology — Basic Concepts & Ecosystem
Biotic & abiotic factors, food chain, food web, ecological pyramids, energy flow
CHAPTER 02
Biodiversity
Types of biodiversity, biodiversity hotspots, endemic species, threatened species, CBD
CHAPTER 03
Protected Areas & Wildlife Conservation
National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Ramsar sites, Tiger Reserves
CHAPTER 04
Forest Resources
Types of forests in India, deforestation, Joint Forest Management, Van Mahotsav
Environmental Issues
CHAPTER 01
Environmental Pollution
Air, water, soil, noise and radioactive pollution — causes, effects, control measures
CHAPTER 02
Climate Change & Global Warming
Greenhouse effect, global warming, ozone depletion, acid rain, El Niño, La Niña
CHAPTER 03
Sustainable Development & Green Economy
Brundtland Commission, green GDP, circular economy, renewable energy, carbon credits