๐ Topic 06 of 6 ยท Chapter 06 ยท AI & Robotics
Ethical AI โ Bias, Deepfakes & Regulation
AI bias, privacy, deepfakes, EU AI Act, complete revision โ UPSC & PSC exams.
โ๏ธ Ethical Concerns in AI
- AI Bias โ systematic errors due to biased training data; facial recognition less accurate for dark-skinned people; hiring algorithms discriminating against women
- Privacy โ AI surveillance; facial recognition in public spaces; data collection without consent
- Job Displacement โ AI automating jobs in manufacturing, data entry, customer service; estimated 85 million jobs displaced by 2025 (WEF)
- Deepfakes โ AI-generated fake videos/audio; political misinformation; fraud; non-consensual intimate images
- Autonomous Weapons โ AI-powered weapons without human control (LAWS โ Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems)
- Explainability โ AI “black box” โ decisions not explainable; critical in healthcare, justice
โ๏ธ AI Regulation
- EU AI Act (2024) โ world’s first comprehensive AI regulation; classifies AI by risk level; bans social scoring, real-time biometric surveillance
- India’s IT Rules 2021 (amended 2023) โ platforms must remove deepfakes within 24 hours
- India’s AI governance framework โ under development; NITI Aayog leading
- Responsible AI โ principles: fairness, transparency, accountability, privacy, safety
โ Chapter 06 โ Complete Revision Checklist
โ
AI = machines performing human-intelligence tasks
โ ML = AI learning from data; Deep Learning = multi-layer neural networks
โ NLP = AI understanding language = ChatGPT, Google Translate
โ SUPACE = Supreme Court AI tool for legal research = 2021
โ AlphaFold (DeepMind) = AI predicting protein structures = Nobel Prize Chemistry 2024
โ India AI Mission (2024) = โน10,372 crore = 10,000+ GPU cluster
โ NITI Aayog AI Strategy (2018) = “#AIforAll” = 5 focus sectors
โ Deepfakes = AI-generated fake videos = misinformation risk
โ AI bias = training data biases reflected in AI decisions
โ Narrow AI = specific tasks; AGI = human-level = doesn’t exist yet
โ Precision farming = AI + satellite data + sensors = optimal farming
โ Bhashini = AI translation = 22 Indian languages = 2022
โ EU AI Act (2024) = world’s first comprehensive AI regulation
โ India = 3rd largest AI startup ecosystem in world
โ AlphaGo = DeepMind = defeated world Go champion (2016)
โ ML = AI learning from data; Deep Learning = multi-layer neural networks
โ NLP = AI understanding language = ChatGPT, Google Translate
โ SUPACE = Supreme Court AI tool for legal research = 2021
โ AlphaFold (DeepMind) = AI predicting protein structures = Nobel Prize Chemistry 2024
โ India AI Mission (2024) = โน10,372 crore = 10,000+ GPU cluster
โ NITI Aayog AI Strategy (2018) = “#AIforAll” = 5 focus sectors
โ Deepfakes = AI-generated fake videos = misinformation risk
โ AI bias = training data biases reflected in AI decisions
โ Narrow AI = specific tasks; AGI = human-level = doesn’t exist yet
โ Precision farming = AI + satellite data + sensors = optimal farming
โ Bhashini = AI translation = 22 Indian languages = 2022
โ EU AI Act (2024) = world’s first comprehensive AI regulation
โ India = 3rd largest AI startup ecosystem in world
โ AlphaGo = DeepMind = defeated world Go champion (2016)