โก Topic 06 of 6 ยท Chapter 10 ยท Quick Revision
Government Schemes & Quick Revision
PMAY, PMJAY (Ayushman Bharat), NSAP, Antyodaya Anna Yojana, and complete chapter revision.
๐๏ธ Key Government Schemes for Poverty Alleviation
| Scheme | Full Name | Key Feature |
|---|---|---|
| PMAY-G | Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Gramin) | Pucca houses for rural BPL families; โน1.2-1.3 lakh subsidy |
| PMAY-U | Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) | Affordable housing for urban poor; credit-linked subsidy |
| PMJAY | Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (Ayushman Bharat) | โน5 lakh health insurance for 50 crore BPL beneficiaries |
| NSAP | National Social Assistance Programme | Pension for elderly, widows, disabled BPL persons |
| AAY | Antyodaya Anna Yojana | 35 kg grain/month at โน2-3/kg for poorest of poor |
| PMGKAY | Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana | Free 5 kg grain/month for 80 crore beneficiaries (extended permanently) |
| MGNREGA | Mahatma Gandhi NREGA | 100 days employment guarantee for rural households |
| POSHAN Abhiyan | National Nutrition Mission | Reduce stunting, wasting, anaemia in children and women |
| PMJDY | Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana | Zero-balance bank accounts for financial inclusion |
| PMKSY | Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana | Skill training for youth โ placement-linked |
โญ Ayushman Bharat (PMJAY): World’s largest government-funded health insurance scheme. Covers 50 crore people (bottom 40% of population) for โน5 lakh/year per family for secondary and tertiary hospitalisation. Launched in 2018.
๐ NSAP โ National Social Assistance Programme
NSAP provides social protection to BPL households through five sub-schemes:
- IGNOAPS: Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme โ โน200-500/month for elderly BPL
- IGNWPS: Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme โ โน300/month for widows
- IGNDPS: Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme โ โน300/month for disabled
- NFBS: National Family Benefit Scheme โ โน20,000 lump sum on death of breadwinner
- Annapurna: 10 kg free grain/month for destitute elderly not covered by IGNOAPS
๐ Food Security Schemes
- National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013: Legal right to subsidised food for 75% rural and 50% urban population
- PDS (Public Distribution System): Subsidised food grains through ration shops
- AAY: Poorest of poor โ 35 kg grain at โน2-3/kg
- PMGKAY: Free 5 kg grain/month for 80 crore people (made permanent from Jan 2024)
- Mid-Day Meal Scheme (PM POSHAN): Free meals for school children โ improves attendance and nutrition
โ Complete Chapter 10 Revision Checklist
โ
Poverty Line: Minimum expenditure to meet basic needs
โ Calorie norm: 2,400 cal/day (rural), 2,100 cal/day (urban)
โ Tendulkar Committee (2009): โน27/day rural, โน33/day urban; 21.9% poor (2011-12)
โ Rangarajan Committee (2014): โน32/day rural, โน47/day urban; 29.5% poor (2011-12)
โ Absolute poverty: Below fixed threshold; Relative poverty: Below societal average
โ MPI: Developed by UNDP + OPHI; 3 dimensions โ Health, Education, Living Standards
โ India lifted 415 million out of MPI poverty (2005-06 to 2019-21)
โ Gini coefficient: 0 = equality; 1 = inequality; India ~0.35 (income)
โ Disguised unemployment: Most common in Indian agriculture; marginal productivity = 0
โ PLFS: Periodic Labour Force Survey โ official unemployment data
โ MGNREGA: 100 days guarantee; demand-driven; 33% women; social audit mandatory
โ MGNREGA enacted 2005; renamed 2009; Ministry of Rural Development
โ HDI: Developed by Mahbub ul Haq and Amartya Sen (1990) for UNDP
โ HDI dimensions: Life expectancy + Education + GNI per capita
โ India’s HDI rank: 134/193 (2023); score 0.644; Medium HDI
โ Kerala = highest HDI in India; Bihar = lowest
โ PMJAY (Ayushman Bharat): โน5 lakh health insurance for 50 crore people
โ PMGKAY: Free 5 kg grain/month for 80 crore people (permanent from Jan 2024)
โ AAY: 35 kg grain/month at โน2-3/kg for poorest of poor
โ NFSA 2013: Legal right to food for 75% rural + 50% urban population
โ Calorie norm: 2,400 cal/day (rural), 2,100 cal/day (urban)
โ Tendulkar Committee (2009): โน27/day rural, โน33/day urban; 21.9% poor (2011-12)
โ Rangarajan Committee (2014): โน32/day rural, โน47/day urban; 29.5% poor (2011-12)
โ Absolute poverty: Below fixed threshold; Relative poverty: Below societal average
โ MPI: Developed by UNDP + OPHI; 3 dimensions โ Health, Education, Living Standards
โ India lifted 415 million out of MPI poverty (2005-06 to 2019-21)
โ Gini coefficient: 0 = equality; 1 = inequality; India ~0.35 (income)
โ Disguised unemployment: Most common in Indian agriculture; marginal productivity = 0
โ PLFS: Periodic Labour Force Survey โ official unemployment data
โ MGNREGA: 100 days guarantee; demand-driven; 33% women; social audit mandatory
โ MGNREGA enacted 2005; renamed 2009; Ministry of Rural Development
โ HDI: Developed by Mahbub ul Haq and Amartya Sen (1990) for UNDP
โ HDI dimensions: Life expectancy + Education + GNI per capita
โ India’s HDI rank: 134/193 (2023); score 0.644; Medium HDI
โ Kerala = highest HDI in India; Bihar = lowest
โ PMJAY (Ayushman Bharat): โน5 lakh health insurance for 50 crore people
โ PMGKAY: Free 5 kg grain/month for 80 crore people (permanent from Jan 2024)
โ AAY: 35 kg grain/month at โน2-3/kg for poorest of poor
โ NFSA 2013: Legal right to food for 75% rural + 50% urban population