โก Topic 06 of 6 ยท Chapter 08 ยท Quick Revision
Sayyid, Lodi Dynasty & Decline โ Quick Revision
Sayyid and Lodi dynasties, First Battle of Panipat (1526), decline of Delhi Sultanate, complete revision checklist.
๐๏ธ Sayyid Dynasty (1414โ1451)
- Founded by Khizr Khan โ claimed descent from Prophet Muhammad (hence “Sayyid”)
- Weak dynasty; nominal rulers; aftermath of Timur’s invasion (1398)
- Khizr Khan was a vassal of Timur’s successor
- Last Sayyid ruler Alam Shah voluntarily abdicated in favour of Bahlul Lodi
๐๏ธ Lodi Dynasty (1451โ1526)
| Ruler | Period | Key Facts |
|---|---|---|
| Bahlul Lodi | 1451โ1489 | Founded Lodi dynasty; first Afghan dynasty; strong ruler; expanded territory |
| Sikandar Lodi | 1489โ1517 | Greatest Lodi ruler; founded Agra (1504); promoted trade; harsh towards Hindus |
| Ibrahim Lodi | 1517โ1526 | Last Lodi sultan; arrogant; alienated nobles; defeated by Babur at First Battle of Panipat (1526) |
โ๏ธ First Battle of Panipat (April 21, 1526)
- Fought between Babur (Timurid ruler of Kabul) and Ibrahim Lodi
- Babur was invited by Daulat Khan Lodi (Ibrahim’s uncle) and Rana Sanga
- Babur used gunpowder and artillery โ new weapons Ibrahim Lodi couldn’t counter
- Ibrahim Lodi was killed in battle
- This battle ended the Delhi Sultanate and established the Mughal Empire
โ Complete Chapter 08 Revision Checklist
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Delhi Sultanate: 1206โ1526 CE; five dynasties: Slave, Khalji, Tughlaq, Sayyid, Lodi
โ Qutb-ud-din Aibak: Founded Sultanate (1206); “Lakh Baksh”; started Qutb Minar; died playing polo
โ Iltutmish: Real founder; completed Qutb Minar; Iqta system; silver tanka; Caliph recognition (1229)
โ Razia Sultana: First woman ruler; discarded purdah; Malik Yakut; killed 1240
โ Balban: Zil-i-Ilahi; sijda and paibos; crushed Chalisa (Forty)
โ Alauddin Khalji: Greatest Sultanate ruler; market reforms; repelled 4 Mongol invasions
โ Alauddin’s markets: Sarai-i-Adl (grain); Shahna-i-Mandi; Diwan-i-Riyasat
โ Malik Kafur: Alauddin’s general; Deccan campaigns; Koh-i-Noor
โ Muhammad bin Tughlaq: Capital transfer to Daulatabad (1327); token currency; Doab taxation
โ Ibn Battuta: Visited during Muhammad bin Tughlaq; wrote Rihla
โ Firuz Shah Tughlaq: Welfare measures; canals; hospitals; founded cities
โ Timur’s invasion: 1398 CE; devastated Delhi; Tughlaq dynasty never recovered
โ Iqta system: Land revenue assignment to officials; introduced by Iltutmish
โ Diwan-i-Wizarat = Finance (Wazir); Diwan-i-Arz = Military (Ariz-i-Mumalik)
โ Qutb Minar: 72.5m; started by Aibak; completed by Iltutmish; UNESCO WHS
โ Alai Darwaza: Alauddin Khalji; finest early Indo-Islamic architecture
โ Amir Khusrau: “Parrot of India”; sitar and tabla; Sultanate period
โ Sikandar Lodi: Founded Agra (1504); greatest Lodi ruler
โ First Battle of Panipat: April 21, 1526; Babur vs Ibrahim Lodi; gunpowder used; Sultanate ended
โ Qutb-ud-din Aibak: Founded Sultanate (1206); “Lakh Baksh”; started Qutb Minar; died playing polo
โ Iltutmish: Real founder; completed Qutb Minar; Iqta system; silver tanka; Caliph recognition (1229)
โ Razia Sultana: First woman ruler; discarded purdah; Malik Yakut; killed 1240
โ Balban: Zil-i-Ilahi; sijda and paibos; crushed Chalisa (Forty)
โ Alauddin Khalji: Greatest Sultanate ruler; market reforms; repelled 4 Mongol invasions
โ Alauddin’s markets: Sarai-i-Adl (grain); Shahna-i-Mandi; Diwan-i-Riyasat
โ Malik Kafur: Alauddin’s general; Deccan campaigns; Koh-i-Noor
โ Muhammad bin Tughlaq: Capital transfer to Daulatabad (1327); token currency; Doab taxation
โ Ibn Battuta: Visited during Muhammad bin Tughlaq; wrote Rihla
โ Firuz Shah Tughlaq: Welfare measures; canals; hospitals; founded cities
โ Timur’s invasion: 1398 CE; devastated Delhi; Tughlaq dynasty never recovered
โ Iqta system: Land revenue assignment to officials; introduced by Iltutmish
โ Diwan-i-Wizarat = Finance (Wazir); Diwan-i-Arz = Military (Ariz-i-Mumalik)
โ Qutb Minar: 72.5m; started by Aibak; completed by Iltutmish; UNESCO WHS
โ Alai Darwaza: Alauddin Khalji; finest early Indo-Islamic architecture
โ Amir Khusrau: “Parrot of India”; sitar and tabla; Sultanate period
โ Sikandar Lodi: Founded Agra (1504); greatest Lodi ruler
โ First Battle of Panipat: April 21, 1526; Babur vs Ibrahim Lodi; gunpowder used; Sultanate ended