📌 Topic 06 of 6 · Chapter 08 · Industries of India
SEZs, Industrial Corridors & Make in India
SEZs, DMIC, CBIC, Make in India, Startup India — complete revision for UPSC & PSC exams.
🏙️ Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
- SEZ = duty-free enclaves for export promotion; tax exemptions; simplified regulations
- First SEZ in India: Kandla (Gujarat) — 1965 (as Free Trade Zone)
- SEZ Act 2005 — comprehensive legal framework
- India has 400+ approved SEZs
- Major SEZs: Noida (UP), Surat (Gujarat), Cochin (Kerala), Chennai (TN), Visakhapatnam (AP)
🏙️ Industrial Corridors
| Corridor | Route | Assistance | Key Facts |
|---|---|---|---|
| DMIC | Delhi–Mumbai (1,483 km) | Japan (JICA) | 6 states; 24 industrial nodes; follows Western DFC |
| CBIC | Chennai–Bengaluru | — | Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh |
| AKIC | Amritsar–Kolkata | — | Follows Eastern DFC |
| BMEC | Bengaluru–Mumbai | — | Maharashtra, Karnataka |
🇮🇳 Key Industrial Initiatives
- Make in India — launched Sept 25, 2014 — 25 focus sectors — lion made of cogs symbol
- Startup India — launched Jan 16, 2016 — tax exemptions; funding support; ease of doing business
- Atmanirbhar Bharat — 2020 — self-reliant India — ₹20 lakh crore package
- PLI (Production Linked Incentive) — 2020 — 14 sectors — boost domestic manufacturing
✅ Chapter 08 — Complete Revision Checklist
✅ TISCO Jamshedpur = first iron & steel plant (1907) = private sector
✅ Bhilai (CG) = largest integrated steel plant = Soviet assistance
✅ Visakhapatnam = only coastal steel plant = RINL
✅ India = 2nd largest steel producer in world
✅ Mumbai = “Manchester of India” = cotton textiles
✅ Kolkata (Hooghly belt) = jute capital of world
✅ Mysuru (Karnataka) = silk city = largest silk producer
✅ Rajasthan = largest cement state; Chennai (1904) = first cement plant
✅ UP = largest sugar state; India = 2nd largest sugar producer
✅ 1991 reforms = LPG = Dr. Manmohan Singh = PM P.V. Narasimha Rao
✅ First SEZ = Kandla (Gujarat) = 1965
✅ DMIC = Delhi-Mumbai = Japan-assisted = 1,483 km
✅ Make in India = 2014; Startup India = 2016
✅ Bengaluru = Silicon Valley of India; Hyderabad = Cyberabad
✅ India = “Pharmacy of the World” = largest generic drug producer
✅ Bhilai (CG) = largest integrated steel plant = Soviet assistance
✅ Visakhapatnam = only coastal steel plant = RINL
✅ India = 2nd largest steel producer in world
✅ Mumbai = “Manchester of India” = cotton textiles
✅ Kolkata (Hooghly belt) = jute capital of world
✅ Mysuru (Karnataka) = silk city = largest silk producer
✅ Rajasthan = largest cement state; Chennai (1904) = first cement plant
✅ UP = largest sugar state; India = 2nd largest sugar producer
✅ 1991 reforms = LPG = Dr. Manmohan Singh = PM P.V. Narasimha Rao
✅ First SEZ = Kandla (Gujarat) = 1965
✅ DMIC = Delhi-Mumbai = Japan-assisted = 1,483 km
✅ Make in India = 2014; Startup India = 2016
✅ Bengaluru = Silicon Valley of India; Hyderabad = Cyberabad
✅ India = “Pharmacy of the World” = largest generic drug producer