๐ Topic 06 of 6 ยท Chapter 08 ยท Industries of India
SEZs, Industrial Corridors & Make in India
SEZs, DMIC, CBIC, Make in India, Startup India โ complete revision for UPSC & PSC exams.
๐๏ธ Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
- SEZ = duty-free enclaves for export promotion; tax exemptions; simplified regulations
- First SEZ in India: Kandla (Gujarat) โ 1965 (as Free Trade Zone)
- SEZ Act 2005 โ comprehensive legal framework
- India has 400+ approved SEZs
- Major SEZs: Noida (UP), Surat (Gujarat), Cochin (Kerala), Chennai (TN), Visakhapatnam (AP)
๐๏ธ Industrial Corridors
| Corridor | Route | Assistance | Key Facts |
|---|---|---|---|
| DMIC | DelhiโMumbai (1,483 km) | Japan (JICA) | 6 states; 24 industrial nodes; follows Western DFC |
| CBIC | ChennaiโBengaluru | โ | Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh |
| AKIC | AmritsarโKolkata | โ | Follows Eastern DFC |
| BMEC | BengaluruโMumbai | โ | Maharashtra, Karnataka |
๐ฎ๐ณ Key Industrial Initiatives
- Make in India โ launched Sept 25, 2014 โ 25 focus sectors โ lion made of cogs symbol
- Startup India โ launched Jan 16, 2016 โ tax exemptions; funding support; ease of doing business
- Atmanirbhar Bharat โ 2020 โ self-reliant India โ โน20 lakh crore package
- PLI (Production Linked Incentive) โ 2020 โ 14 sectors โ boost domestic manufacturing
โ Chapter 08 โ Complete Revision Checklist
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TISCO Jamshedpur = first iron & steel plant (1907) = private sector
โ Bhilai (CG) = largest integrated steel plant = Soviet assistance
โ Visakhapatnam = only coastal steel plant = RINL
โ India = 2nd largest steel producer in world
โ Mumbai = “Manchester of India” = cotton textiles
โ Kolkata (Hooghly belt) = jute capital of world
โ Mysuru (Karnataka) = silk city = largest silk producer
โ Rajasthan = largest cement state; Chennai (1904) = first cement plant
โ UP = largest sugar state; India = 2nd largest sugar producer
โ 1991 reforms = LPG = Dr. Manmohan Singh = PM P.V. Narasimha Rao
โ First SEZ = Kandla (Gujarat) = 1965
โ DMIC = Delhi-Mumbai = Japan-assisted = 1,483 km
โ Make in India = 2014; Startup India = 2016
โ Bengaluru = Silicon Valley of India; Hyderabad = Cyberabad
โ India = “Pharmacy of the World” = largest generic drug producer
โ Bhilai (CG) = largest integrated steel plant = Soviet assistance
โ Visakhapatnam = only coastal steel plant = RINL
โ India = 2nd largest steel producer in world
โ Mumbai = “Manchester of India” = cotton textiles
โ Kolkata (Hooghly belt) = jute capital of world
โ Mysuru (Karnataka) = silk city = largest silk producer
โ Rajasthan = largest cement state; Chennai (1904) = first cement plant
โ UP = largest sugar state; India = 2nd largest sugar producer
โ 1991 reforms = LPG = Dr. Manmohan Singh = PM P.V. Narasimha Rao
โ First SEZ = Kandla (Gujarat) = 1965
โ DMIC = Delhi-Mumbai = Japan-assisted = 1,483 km
โ Make in India = 2014; Startup India = 2016
โ Bengaluru = Silicon Valley of India; Hyderabad = Cyberabad
โ India = “Pharmacy of the World” = largest generic drug producer