π Topic 06 of 6 Β· Chapter 10 Β· Population & Urbanisation
Urbanisation in India & Revision
Urban population, million-plus cities, Smart Cities Mission, slums β complete revision for UPSC & PSC exams.
ποΈ Urbanisation in India
- Urban population = 31.16% (Census 2011) = 37.7 crore people
- 53 million-plus cities (population > 10 lakh) in Census 2011
- Largest urban agglomeration: Mumbai (1.84 crore) β Delhi (1.63 crore)
- About 17% of urban population lives in slums
- Dharavi (Mumbai) = largest slum in India (~6-10 lakh people in 2.1 sq km)
ποΈ Urban Development Schemes
| Scheme | Year | Coverage | Focus |
|---|---|---|---|
| Smart Cities Mission | 2015 | 100 cities | Modern infrastructure, digital connectivity, sustainable development |
| AMRUT | 2015 | 500 cities | Basic urban services: water, sewerage, transport, parks |
| PMAY-Urban | 2015 | All urban areas | Housing for all; affordable housing |
| JNNURM | 2005 | 63 cities | Urban infrastructure; predecessor to Smart Cities |
β Chapter 10 β Complete Revision Checklist
β
India’s population (2011) = 121.09 crore = 2nd largest in world
β 1921 = “Year of Great Divide” = consistent population growth began
β Most populous state = UP; Least = Sikkim
β Highest density = Bihar (1,106/sq km); Lowest = Arunachal Pradesh (17/sq km)
β Literacy = 74.04%; Highest = Kerala (94%); Lowest = Bihar (63.8%)
β Lowest female literacy = Rajasthan (52.7%)
β Sex ratio = 943; Highest = Kerala (1084); Lowest = Haryana (879)
β Child sex ratio = 919; Lowest = Haryana (834)
β Beti Bachao Beti Padhao = 2015 = Panipat, Haryana
β Urban population = 31.16%; 53 million-plus cities
β Largest city = Mumbai; Dharavi = largest slum in India
β India = largest recipient of remittances in world
β Smart Cities Mission = 2015 = 100 cities
β AMRUT = 2015 = 500 cities
β Demographic dividend window = 2020β2040
β 1921 = “Year of Great Divide” = consistent population growth began
β Most populous state = UP; Least = Sikkim
β Highest density = Bihar (1,106/sq km); Lowest = Arunachal Pradesh (17/sq km)
β Literacy = 74.04%; Highest = Kerala (94%); Lowest = Bihar (63.8%)
β Lowest female literacy = Rajasthan (52.7%)
β Sex ratio = 943; Highest = Kerala (1084); Lowest = Haryana (879)
β Child sex ratio = 919; Lowest = Haryana (834)
β Beti Bachao Beti Padhao = 2015 = Panipat, Haryana
β Urban population = 31.16%; 53 million-plus cities
β Largest city = Mumbai; Dharavi = largest slum in India
β India = largest recipient of remittances in world
β Smart Cities Mission = 2015 = 100 cities
β AMRUT = 2015 = 500 cities
β Demographic dividend window = 2020β2040