π Topic 05 of 6 Β· Chapter 10 Β· Population & Urbanisation
Migration in India
Types, push-pull factors, rural-urban migration, remittances β complete notes for UPSC & PSC exams.
πΆ Types of Migration
| Type | Description | Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| RuralβRural | From one village to another; mainly for marriage (women) | Most common type |
| RuralβUrban | From village to city; for employment, education | Most significant economically |
| UrbanβUrban | From one city to another; for better jobs | Common among professionals |
| UrbanβRural | From city to village; retirement, reverse migration | Least common |
πΆ Push & Pull Factors
| Push Factors (from origin) | Pull Factors (to destination) |
|---|---|
| Poverty, unemployment | Employment opportunities, better wages |
| Drought, floods, natural disasters | Better education, healthcare |
| Lack of basic facilities | Urban amenities, infrastructure |
| Social discrimination | Social freedom, anonymity |
| Land fragmentation | Higher standard of living |
πΆ Key Migration Facts
- Major destination states: Maharashtra, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana
- Major source states: UP, Bihar, Rajasthan, MP, Odisha
- Brain Drain: Emigration of skilled professionals to developed countries (USA, UK, Canada)
- Remittances: India = largest recipient of remittances in world (~$87 billion in 2021)
- Major remittance sources: USA, UAE, Saudi Arabia, UK, Kuwait
- Kerala, UP, Bihar, Rajasthan = major remittance-receiving states
β Key Facts β Migration:
β’ Rural-Rural = most common type of migration in India
β’ Rural-Urban = most economically significant
β’ India = largest recipient of remittances in world
β’ Maharashtra = largest destination state for migrants
β’ UP + Bihar = largest source states for migrants
β’ Rural-Rural = most common type of migration in India
β’ Rural-Urban = most economically significant
β’ India = largest recipient of remittances in world
β’ Maharashtra = largest destination state for migrants
β’ UP + Bihar = largest source states for migrants