โก Topic 06 of 6 ยท Chapter 04 ยท Quick Revision
IIP, SEZs & Quick Revision
Index of Industrial Production, Special Economic Zones, industrial corridors, and complete chapter revision.
๐ Index of Industrial Production (IIP)
The Index of Industrial Production (IIP) measures the growth rate of industrial production in India.
- Released by: National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics
- Base year: 2011-12
- Released monthly with a 6-week lag
- Covers three sectors: Mining (14.4%), Manufacturing (77.6%), Electricity (7.9%)
- Also classified by use: Capital goods, Consumer durables, Consumer non-durables, Infrastructure/Construction goods, Intermediate goods, Primary goods
โญ IIP vs GDP: IIP measures industrial production only. GDP measures the entire economy. IIP is a leading indicator โ it gives early signals about economic growth before GDP data is available.
๐ญ Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
SEZs are designated areas with special economic regulations to attract investment and promote exports.
- SEZ Act enacted: 2005
- SEZs offer: Tax exemptions, simplified regulations, world-class infrastructure
- India’s first SEZ: Kandla (Gujarat) โ established 1965 as Export Processing Zone
- Largest SEZ: Mundra SEZ (Gujarat)
- SEZs must export 100% of production (or meet Net Foreign Exchange criteria)
โ Complete Chapter 04 Revision Checklist
โ
IPR 1948: First industrial policy; 4 categories
โ IPR 1956: “Economic Constitution of India”; 17 industries for state monopoly
โ New Industrial Policy: July 24, 1991 โ dismantled Licence Raj
โ Currently only 2 industries reserved for public sector: Atomic energy + Railways
โ MSME definition revised June 2020: Micro (โคโน1cr investment, โคโน5cr turnover)
โ MSMEs contribute ~30% of GDP, employ ~110 million, contribute ~45% of exports
โ MUDRA loans: up to โน10 lakh (Shishu, Kishore, Tarun)
โ Make in India: September 25, 2014; target 25% manufacturing in GDP
โ Startup India: January 16, 2016; India = 3rd largest startup ecosystem
โ Atmanirbhar Bharat: May 12, 2020; โน20 lakh crore package
โ PLI scheme: 14 sectors; incentives for manufacturing
โ Maharatna: Can invest up to โน5,000 crore without approval
โ Air India privatised: January 2022; sold to Tata Sons
โ India = 2nd largest road network; 4th largest railway network
โ Golden Quadrilateral: 5,846 km (Delhi-Mumbai-Chennai-Kolkata)
โ IIP base year: 2011-12; released by NSO monthly
โ SEZ Act: 2005; India’s first SEZ: Kandla (1965)
โ IPR 1956: “Economic Constitution of India”; 17 industries for state monopoly
โ New Industrial Policy: July 24, 1991 โ dismantled Licence Raj
โ Currently only 2 industries reserved for public sector: Atomic energy + Railways
โ MSME definition revised June 2020: Micro (โคโน1cr investment, โคโน5cr turnover)
โ MSMEs contribute ~30% of GDP, employ ~110 million, contribute ~45% of exports
โ MUDRA loans: up to โน10 lakh (Shishu, Kishore, Tarun)
โ Make in India: September 25, 2014; target 25% manufacturing in GDP
โ Startup India: January 16, 2016; India = 3rd largest startup ecosystem
โ Atmanirbhar Bharat: May 12, 2020; โน20 lakh crore package
โ PLI scheme: 14 sectors; incentives for manufacturing
โ Maharatna: Can invest up to โน5,000 crore without approval
โ Air India privatised: January 2022; sold to Tata Sons
โ India = 2nd largest road network; 4th largest railway network
โ Golden Quadrilateral: 5,846 km (Delhi-Mumbai-Chennai-Kolkata)
โ IIP base year: 2011-12; released by NSO monthly
โ SEZ Act: 2005; India’s first SEZ: Kandla (1965)