✅ Answer: B) Economic Constitution of IndiaThe Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 is called the “Economic Constitution of India” because it was the most comprehensive industrial policy that guided India’s industrial development for 35 years. It divided industries into three schedules based on ownership.

✅ Answer: B) September 25, 2014Make in India was launched on September 25, 2014 by PM Narendra Modi. Its target is to increase manufacturing’s share in GDP from 16% to 25% by 2025 and create 100 million jobs. Startup India was launched on January 16, 2016. Atmanirbhar Bharat was announced on May 12, 2020.

✅ Answer: B) Up to ₹10 croreUnder the revised MSME definition (June 2020): Micro = Investment ≤ ₹1 crore + Turnover ≤ ₹5 crore; Small = Investment ≤ ₹10 crore + Turnover ≤ ₹50 crore; Medium = Investment ≤ ₹50 crore + Turnover ≤ ₹250 crore.

✅ Answer: B) Tata SonsAir India was sold to Tata Sons for ₹18,000 crore in January 2022. Air India was originally founded by J.R.D. Tata in 1932 as Tata Airlines and nationalised in 1953. The privatisation brought Air India back to the Tata Group after 69 years.

✅ Answer: C) National Statistical Office (NSO)The Index of Industrial Production (IIP) is released monthly by the National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. The base year is 2011-12. It covers Mining (14.4%), Manufacturing (77.6%), and Electricity (7.9%).

✅ Answer: C) ₹5,000 croreMaharatna PSUs can invest up to ₹5,000 crore in a single project without government approval. Navratna PSUs can invest up to ₹1,000 crore. Miniratna Category I can invest up to ₹500 crore. Examples of Maharatna: ONGC, BHEL, SAIL, NTPC, Coal India, Indian Oil.

✅ Answer: B) Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, KolkataThe Golden Quadrilateral is a 5,846 km highway connecting Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata — India’s four largest cities. It was completed in 2012 and is India’s most important highway project, connecting major industrial and commercial centres.

✅ Answer: C) Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY)MUDRA (Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency) loans are provided under the Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY). Loans up to ₹10 lakh are provided to micro enterprises. Three categories: Shishu (up to ₹50,000), Kishore (₹50,000-5 lakh), Tarun (₹5-10 lakh).

✅ Answer: A) Kandla, GujaratIndia’s first SEZ was established at Kandla, Gujarat in 1965 as an Export Processing Zone (EPZ). It was later converted to an SEZ. The SEZ Act was enacted in 2005. The largest SEZ in India is Mundra SEZ in Gujarat.

✅ Answer: C) 14 sectorsThe Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme covers 14 sectors including mobile phones, pharmaceuticals, automobiles, textiles, food processing, telecom, white goods, specialty steel, solar PV modules, and advanced chemistry cell batteries. It provides financial incentives based on incremental sales.