π€ Chapter 10 Β· Indian Economy Β· Development & Reforms
Poverty, Unemployment & Human Development
Poverty line, BPL schemes, MGNREGA, HDI, multidimensional poverty, Gini coefficient β complete notes for UPSC & PSC exams.
6
Sub-Topics
10
Practice MCQs
10
PYQs
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Very High
π What You Will Learn in This Chapter
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Poverty line β absolute vs relative
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Tendulkar Committee, Rangarajan Committee
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Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)
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Types of unemployment
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MGNREGA β features and impact
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HDI β India’s rank and components
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Gini coefficient and inequality
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Government schemes β PMAY, PMJAY
π― Exam Relevance β This chapter appears in:
UPSC Prelims (2β3 Qs/year)APPSC Group 1 & 2TGPSC Group 1 & 2SSC CGL / CHSLState PSC Exams
π Chapter Sub-Topics β Click to Read
Topic 01
Poverty β Definition, Measurement & Poverty Line
Absolute vs relative poverty, Tendulkar Committee, Rangarajan Committee, BPL, and India’s poverty estimates.
Topic 02
Multidimensional Poverty & Inequality
MPI (UNDP), dimensions of poverty, Gini coefficient, Lorenz curve, and India’s inequality challenge.
Topic 03
Unemployment β Types & Measurement
Structural, frictional, cyclical, seasonal, disguised unemployment β types, causes, and India’s unemployment challenge.
Topic 04
MGNREGA β Features, Impact & Criticism
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act β 100 days guarantee, wages, social audit, and impact.
Topic 05
Human Development Index & India’s Rank
HDI components, India’s rank (~132), comparison with neighbours, and what India needs to improve HDI.
Topic 06
Government Schemes & Quick Revision
PMAY, PMJAY (Ayushman Bharat), NSAP, Antyodaya Anna Yojana, and complete chapter revision.
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