📌 Topic 03 of 6 · Chapter 07 · Minerals & Energy Resources
Petroleum & Natural Gas in India
Mumbai High, Assam, Gujarat oilfields, ONGC, KG Basin — complete notes for UPSC & PSC exams.
🛢️ Major Oilfields of India
| Oilfield | Location | Key Facts |
|---|---|---|
| Mumbai High | Offshore, Arabian Sea (160 km NW of Mumbai) | Largest oilfield in India; discovered 1974; operated by ONGC; ~40% of India’s crude oil |
| Digboi | Assam | Oldest oilfield in India (1889); first oil well in Asia |
| Naharkatiya | Assam | Major oilfield; Assam = oldest oil-producing state |
| Ankleshwar | Gujarat | Largest onshore oilfield in India |
| Kalol, Mehsana | Gujarat | Major oilfields in Gujarat |
| Barmer | Rajasthan | Mangala oilfield; discovered 2004; significant reserves |
| KG Basin (D6 block) | Offshore, Bay of Bengal (AP coast) | Major natural gas reserves; Reliance Industries; KG = Krishna-Godavari |
🛢️ Oil Refineries of India
- Jamnagar (Gujarat) — Reliance Industries — world’s largest refinery complex
- Koyali (Gujarat) — Indian Oil Corporation — largest public sector refinery
- Trombay/Mumbai (Maharashtra) — Bharat Petroleum
- Mathura (UP) — Indian Oil Corporation
- Barauni (Bihar) — Indian Oil Corporation
- Digboi (Assam) — Indian Oil Corporation — oldest refinery in India (1901)
- India has 23 oil refineries with total capacity ~250 million tonnes/year
⭐ Key Facts — Petroleum:
• Mumbai High = largest oilfield in India = offshore = Arabian Sea
• Digboi (Assam) = oldest oilfield in India (1889) = first in Asia
• ONGC = Oil and Natural Gas Corporation = largest oil producer
• India imports ~85% of its crude oil needs
• KG Basin = Krishna-Godavari Basin = major natural gas reserves
• Jamnagar = world’s largest oil refinery complex (Reliance)
• Mumbai High = largest oilfield in India = offshore = Arabian Sea
• Digboi (Assam) = oldest oilfield in India (1889) = first in Asia
• ONGC = Oil and Natural Gas Corporation = largest oil producer
• India imports ~85% of its crude oil needs
• KG Basin = Krishna-Godavari Basin = major natural gas reserves
• Jamnagar = world’s largest oil refinery complex (Reliance)