Nanotechnology Practice Questions

1 nanometer = 10^-9 meter (one billionth of meter)

Norio Taniguchi coined term nanotechnology in 1974

Richard Feynman is considered father of nanotechnology

Feynman gave talk in 1959

Nanoparticles are 1-100 nm in size

Graphene is single layer of carbon atoms in hexagonal lattice

Graphene is one atom thick (~0.34 nm)

Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov discovered graphene in 2004

Graphene was isolated in 2004

Carbon nanotube is cylindrical carbon structure

Sumio Iijima discovered carbon nanotubes in 1991

Fullerene is spherical carbon molecule (C60)

C60 is shaped like football (buckyball)

Kroto, Smalley and Curl discovered fullerene in 1985

Quantum dot is semiconductor nanocrystal

Quantum dots are 2-10 nm in size

Nano Mission is government initiative for nanotechnology

Nano Mission was launched in 2007

Department of Science and Technology runs Nano Mission

DST stands for Department of Science and Technology

Nanomedicine is medical application of nanotechnology

Targeted drug delivery delivers drugs to specific cells

Nanoparticles deliver drugs specifically to cancer cells

Nanosilver is silver nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties

Nanosilver is used as antimicrobial agent

Nano TiO2 is used in sunscreen and photocatalysis

Nano TiO2 blocks UV radiation

Nanofiltration is membrane filtration at nanoscale

Nanofiltration pores are ~1 nm

Carbon nanotubes and graphene used for water purification

Nanoelectronics is electronics at nanoscale

Moore’s Law states transistors double every 2 years

Current transistors are ~3-5 nm

Nanosensor is sensor at nanoscale

Nanosensors detect chemicals, biological agents

Nanocomposite is material with nanoparticles

Nanocomposites have improved strength, lightweight

Nano-coating is thin coating at nanoscale

Self-cleaning glass uses nano TiO2 coating

Lotus effect is water repellency due to nanostructure

Nanoparticles may have toxicity and environmental risks

Nanotoxicology studies toxicity of nanomaterials

INST (Institute of Nano Science and Technology) is in Mohali

INST stands for Institute of Nano Science and Technology

INST was established in 2013

Green nanotechnology is environmentally friendly nanotech

DNA nanotechnology uses DNA as building material

Molecular assembler builds molecules atom by atom

India aims to be global leader in nanotechnology