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India to feature in World Bank B-READY Report 2026

Why in News?

India will be included in the World Bank’s Business Ready (B-READY) Report 2026.

business ready

B-READY (Business Ready)

  • B-READY (Business Ready) is the new flagship report of the World Bank.
  • Launched in 2024, replacing the Ease of Doing Business (EoDB) Index

A comprehensive framework to assess:

  • Business environment
  • Investment climate
  • Regulatory quality
https://www.business-standard.com/industry/news/india-may-face-challenges-on-a-few-parameters-in-wb-s-b-ready-report-gtri-124123100579_1.html: India to feature in World Bank B-READY Report 2026

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National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP) 2.0 Launched: β‚Ή16.72 Lakh Crore Asset Monetisation Plan

Why in News?

Union Finance Minister has launched National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP) 2.0. It outlines a five-year roadmap (FY 2026–2030) to monetise public infrastructure and attract private investment.

national monetisation pipeline

Key Highlights:

  • Total Monetisation Target: β‚Ή16.72 lakh crore
  • Time Period: FY 2026–FY 2030
  • Private Investment Target: β‚Ή5.8 lakh crore
  • Developed by NITI Aayog
  • Focus on brownfield infrastructure assets

What is National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP)?

TheΒ National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP)Β isΒ a central government initiative to unlock value from existing public infrastructure by leasing them to the private sector. It serves as a medium-term roadmap for “asset recycling,” where funds generated from mature, operational assets are reinvested into building new infrastructure projects

  • Leasing, Not Selling: The government retains 100% ownership of the assets. Private players are granted rights to operate and maintain them for a fixed period (typically 30–60 years) in exchange for upfront or periodic payments.
  • Brownfield Focus: It exclusively targets “brownfield” assetsβ€”those that are already built and generating revenueβ€”to minimize execution risks for investors.
https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2231900&reg=3&lang=1: National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP) 2.0 Launched: β‚Ή16.72 Lakh Crore Asset Monetisation Plan

National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP) 2.0 Launched: β‚Ή16.72 Lakh Crore Asset Monetisation Plan Read More Β»

White Revolution 2.0: Government Initiative to Boost Dairy Sector & Women Empowerment (UPSC/PSC Notes)

Why in News?

The Government of India has launched β€œWhite Revolution 2.0” under the Ministry of Cooperation

β€œwhite revolution 2.0

Key Highlights:

1. Objective of White Revolution 2.0

  • Expand cooperative coverage in dairy sector
  • Promote women empowerment
  • Generate rural employment
  • Improve market access for dairy farmers

2. Milk Procurement Target

  • Increase milk procurement by 50% in 5 years
  • Target: 1,007 lakh kg per day by 2028–29

3. Strategy (Two-Pronged Approach)

  • Expansion
    • Establish 75,000 new Dairy Cooperative Societies (DCS) in uncovered areas
  • Strengthening Existing Network
    • Upgrade 46,422 existing DCS
    • Improve:
      • Market access
      • Farmer income
      • Supply chain efficiency

Background-White Revolution (Operation Flood)

  • Known as Operation Flood
  • Objective:
    • Transform India into a self-sufficient milk producer
  • Achievements:
    • India became the world’s largest milk producer by 1998
  • Key Personality
    • Dr. Verghese Kurien
    • Known as the β€œFather of White Revolution”
    • Founder of NDDB (National Dairy Development Board)
https://ddnews.gov.in/en/centre-launches-white-revolution-2-0-to-boost-womens-role-in-dairy-sector/: White Revolution 2.0: Government Initiative to Boost Dairy Sector & Women Empowerment (UPSC/PSC Notes)

White Revolution 2.0: Government Initiative to Boost Dairy Sector & Women Empowerment (UPSC/PSC Notes) Read More Β»

RBI Proposes BRICS Digital Currency Link – CBDC, e-Rupee & Cross-Border Payments Explained

Why in News?

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has recommended the government to include a proposal on linking Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) of BRICS nations in the 2026 BRICS Summit agenda to enhance cross-border payments

cbdc
  • RBI suggested integration of CBDCs among BRICS countries.
  • Aim: Enable faster, cheaper, and more efficient cross-border payments.
  • Could reduce dependence on the US dollar in global trade.

CBDC:

Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)Β is the digital form of a country’s fiat currency, issued and regulated by its central bank. It serves as a legal tender, equivalent to physical cash, and is a direct liability of the central bank rather than a commercial bank

  • In India, CBDC is known as the e-Rupee (eβ‚Ή).
  • It is a legal tender and a direct liability of RBI, unlike cryptocurrencies.
Types of CBDC in India:
  1. Retail CBDC (eβ‚Ή-R):
    • Used by general public (individuals & businesses)
    • For daily transactions
    • Stored in digital wallets via banks
  2. Wholesale CBDC (eβ‚Ή-W):
    • Used by financial institutions
    • For interbank settlements
    • Useful in government securities market
https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/building-bridges/article70534042.ece: RBI Proposes BRICS Digital Currency Link – CBDC, e-Rupee & Cross-Border Payments Explained

RBI Proposes BRICS Digital Currency Link – CBDC, e-Rupee & Cross-Border Payments Explained Read More Β»

India GDP Growth Expected at 7.4% in FY26 – First Advance Estimates, GDP vs GNP Explained

Why in News?

India’s real GDP growth is projected at 7.4% for FY26, according to the government’s First Advance Estimates, despite global uncertainties like US tariff pressures

gdp

GDP-Explained

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the total value of goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a given time period.

It is a key indicator of economic performance and growth.

  • GDP = Total value of final goods and services produced within India
  • Includes Net Indirect Taxes (GST – Subsidies) added to GVA
  • Excludes intermediate goods to avoid double counting
Types of GDP

Nominal GDP:

  • Measured at current market prices
  • Does not adjust for inflation

Real GDP:

  • Adjusted for inflation/deflation
  • Reflects actual growth in output
GDP vs GNP
FeatureGDPGNP
DefinitionProduction within countryIncome of nationals globally
FocusDomestic territoryOwnership (citizens/companies)
Includes foreign companies in IndiaYesNo
Includes income earned abroadNoYes
Examples:
  • A foreign company producing goods in India β†’ counted in India’s GDP
  • An Indian company earning income abroad β†’ counted in India’s GNP
https://indianexpress.com/article/business/economy/fy26-real-gdp-growth-seen-at-7-4-budget-prep-to-build-on-data-10460105/: India GDP Growth Expected at 7.4% in FY26 – First Advance Estimates, GDP vs GNP Explained

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India’s CPI Inflation Rises to 1.33% in December 2025 – Key Facts, Types & CPI vs WPI

Why in News?

India’s retail inflation, based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI), increased to 1.33% in December 2025, up from 0.71% in November, as per data released by the National Statistical Office under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.

cpi inflation

Consumer Price Index:

Consumer Price Index (CPI)Β measures the average change over time in the prices paid by consumers for a representative “basket” of goods and services. It is the primary tool used to measureΒ inflationΒ and assess the cost of living

In India’s revised 2024 series, the basket includesΒ 358 itemsΒ classified under 12 divisions

  • Food and Beverages (46%):Β Still the largest component, though its relative weight has slightly declined.
  • Housing (10%):Β Now includes maintenance and water supply in its composite index.
  • Services:Β Coverage has expanded to 50 items, including digital services like OTT subscriptions.
Types of CPI:

CPI (Combined):

  • Covers both rural and urban populations

CPI – Industrial Workers (IW):

  • Released by Labour Bureau
  • Used to calculate Dearness Allowance (DA)

CPI – Agricultural Labourers (AL) / Rural Labourers (RL):

  • Also released by Labour Bureau
CPI vs WPI
Feature CPI WPI
Price LevelRetail (Consumer level)Wholesale (Producer level)
CoverageGoods + ServicesOnly Goods
WeightageHigh weight to FoodHigh weight to Manufactured Goods
Used byRBI for policyEconomic analysis
https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2213736&reg=3&lang=1: India’s CPI Inflation Rises to 1.33% in December 2025 – Key Facts, Types & CPI vs WPI

India’s CPI Inflation Rises to 1.33% in December 2025 – Key Facts, Types & CPI vs WPI Read More Β»

RBI Strengthens Priority Sector Lending (PSL) Norms – Key Highlights, Targets & Exam Notes

Why in News?

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has introduced amendments to the Priority Sector Lending (PSL) guidelines to improve credit flow monitoring and strengthen financial inclusion

priority sector lending (psl)

Priority Sector Lending (PSL)

Priority Sector Lending (PSL) is a regulatory framework mandated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) requiring banks to direct a specific portion of their credit to sectors that are essential for the country’s development but often lack adequate access to formal finance.

  • It ensures that crucial sectors which often face credit shortages receive adequate financing.
  • It is a key tool for achieving financial inclusion and balanced development.

PSL Sectors:

  • Agriculture
  • Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)
  • Export Credit
  • Education
  • Housing
  • Social Infrastructure
  • Renewable Energy
  • Weaker Sections (included under β€œOthers”)
PSL Targets:

Domestic Commercial Banks:

  • Must allocate 40% of Adjusted Net Bank Credit (ANBC) to priority sectors.

Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) & Urban Cooperative Banks:

  • Higher target of 75% of ANBC due to their role in rural and inclusive banking.
https://www.newindianexpress.com/business/2026/Jan/19/rbi-tightens-psl-norms-asks-banks-to-get-external-auditor-certification: RBI Strengthens Priority Sector Lending (PSL) Norms – Key Highlights, Targets & Exam Notes

RBI Strengthens Priority Sector Lending (PSL) Norms – Key Highlights, Targets & Exam Notes Read More Β»

Union Cabinet Approves β‚Ή5,000 Crore Equity Infusion into SIDBI to Boost MSME Credit Growth

Why in News?

Union Cabinet has approved a β‚Ή5,000 crore equity infusion into SIDBI to enhance credit availability for MSMEs and ensure the institution maintains a strong financial position amid expanding lending operations.

sidbi
  • The infusion will strengthen SIDBI’s lending capacity.
  • Helps maintain a healthy Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR).

SIDBI (Small Industries Development Bank of India):

  • Established in 1990 under an Act of Parliament.
  • Acts as the principal financial institution for MSME promotion, financing, and development. Coordinates with other institutions involved in MSME financing.
  • Plays a vital role in industrial growth, employment generation, and exports.
Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR):
  • Also known as Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR).
  • Measures a bank’s capital in relation to its risk-weighted assets (RWA). Indicates the financial strength and stability of a bank.
  • A higher CRAR means better ability to absorb losses.
  • Governed by Basel Accords issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS).
https://pscchronicles.com/small-industries-development-bank-of-india-sidbi-topic-explained/: Union Cabinet Approves β‚Ή5,000 Crore Equity Infusion into SIDBI to Boost MSME Credit Growth

Union Cabinet Approves β‚Ή5,000 Crore Equity Infusion into SIDBI to Boost MSME Credit Growth Read More Β»

Payments Regulatory Board (PRB) Holds First Meeting in Mumbai – Key Exam Notes

Why in News?

The first meeting of the Payments Regulatory Board (PRB) was held in Mumbai under the chairmanship of the RBI Governor.

payments regulatory board

Payments Regulatory Board:

Payments Regulatory Board (PRB)Β isΒ a six-member statutory body within theΒ Reserve Bank of India (RBI)Β established to regulate and oversee the country’s payment and settlement systems. It became operational by replacing the earlier Board for Regulation and Supervision of Payment and Settlement Systems (BPSS).

  • Composition: Chaired by the RBI Governor (currently Sanjay Malhotra), it includes two other RBI representatives and three nominees from the Central Government.
  • Focuses on regulation and supervision of digital and non-cash payment systems.
  • Decisions are made by a majority vote; the Chairperson holds a casting vote in case of a tie. The board must meet at leastΒ twice a year
https://www.newsonair.gov.in/rbi-governor-sanjay-malhotra-chairs-first-meeting-of-payments-regulatory-board-meeting/: Payments Regulatory Board (PRB) Holds First Meeting in Mumbai – Key Exam Notes

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Centre Proposes PM-RKVY Restructuring with β‚Ή1.75 Lakh Crore Outlay (2026–31) – Key facts

Why in News?

Union Ministry of Agriculture has proposed a major restructuring of agricultural schemes by merging three schemes into Pradhan Mantri-Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (PM-RKVY).

pradhan mantri rashtriya krishi vikas yojana (pm rkvy).

Three schemes to be merged under PM-RKVY:

  • Krishonnati Yojana (KY) – Focus on food security & farmers’ income
  • National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF) – Promotes chemical-free farming
  • National Bee and Honey Mission (NBHM) – Supports apiculture & pollination
Key Features of the Restructured Scheme:

Performance-Linked Funding Framework: For the first time, the allocation of central funds will be tied to aΒ “Reform Score,”Β shifting from an expenditure-driven approach to an outcome-oriented one.

  • 30% of funds will depend on a β€œReform Score”.
  • States will be incentivized for: Land leasing reforms, Agricultural market liberalization and Structural policy improvements.

Funding Pattern:

  • General States:Β 60:40 (Centre:State).
  • Northeastern and Himalayan States:Β 90:10.
  • Union Territories:Β 100% central funding
https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/govt-to-merge-agricultural-schemes-link-funds-to-state-reforms-10468148/: Centre Proposes PM-RKVY Restructuring with β‚Ή1.75 Lakh Crore Outlay (2026–31) – Key facts

Centre Proposes PM-RKVY Restructuring with β‚Ή1.75 Lakh Crore Outlay (2026–31) – Key facts Read More Β»