⚡ Topic 06 of 6 · Chapter 11 · Quick Revision
Bhakti & Sufi Movements — Quick Revision
Saints comparison table, key works, orders, complete chapter revision checklist.
📊 Key Bhakti Saints — Quick Reference
| Saint | Period | God | Key Work | Region |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ramananda | 14th–15th CE | Rama | — | North India (Hindi) |
| Kabir | 1440–1518 | Nirguna | Bijak, Dohas | Varanasi (Hindi) |
| Mirabai | 1498–1547 | Krishna | Bhajans | Rajasthan (Hindi) |
| Surdas | 1478–1583 | Krishna | Sur Sagar | UP (Braj Bhasha) |
| Tulsidas | 1532–1623 | Rama | Ramcharitmanas, Hanuman Chalisa | UP (Hindi) |
| Chaitanya | 1486–1534 | Krishna | — | Bengal |
| Tukaram | 1608–1649 | Vitthal | Abhangas | Maharashtra (Marathi) |
| Guru Nanak | 1469–1539 | Nirguna | Adi Granth | Punjab |
| Basavanna | 12th CE | Shiva | Vachanas | Karnataka (Kannada) |
✅ Complete Chapter 11 Revision Checklist
✅ Bhakti movement: 7th–17th CE; personal devotion; anti-caste; vernacular languages
✅ Alvars: 12 saints; Vaishnavite; Tamil; Nalayira Divya Prabandham; Andal = only woman
✅ Nayanmars: 63 saints; Shaivite; Tamil; Tevaram (Appar, Sambandar, Sundarar)
✅ Ramanuja: Vishishtadvaita; opened temples to all castes; Sri Vaishnava tradition
✅ Madhva: Dvaita; Udupi tradition
✅ Basavanna: Lingayat movement; Karnataka; Vachanas; Anubhava Mantapa
✅ Ramananda: First to preach Bhakti in Hindi; disciples = Kabir, Ravidas, Sena, Dhanna
✅ Kabir: Weaver; Nirguna; rejected Hindu AND Muslim orthodoxy; Bijak; Kabir Panthis
✅ Mirabai: Rajput princess; Krishna devotee; bhajans
✅ Tulsidas: Ramcharitmanas + Hanuman Chalisa; Rama devotee
✅ Surdas: Blind poet; Sur Sagar; Krishna’s childhood; Vallabhacharya’s disciple
✅ Chaitanya: Bengal; Gaudiya Vaishnavism; kirtan; ISKCON roots
✅ Tukaram: Maharashtra; Abhangas; Warkari tradition; Vitthal devotee
✅ Guru Nanak: Founded Sikhism; Nirguna; Adi Granth; 1469–1539
✅ Chishti order: Most popular in India; music allowed; rejected state patronage
✅ Moinuddin Chishti: Ajmer; “Garib Nawaz”; Akbar visited on foot
✅ Nizamuddin Auliya: Delhi; “Mehboob-e-Ilahi”; refused to meet sultans
✅ Amir Khusrau: “Parrot of India”; sitar + tabla; khayal music; disciple of Nizamuddin
✅ Naqshbandi: Most orthodox; Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi = “Mujaddid Alf Sani”
✅ Impact: Challenged caste; promoted vernacular languages; composite culture (Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb)
✅ Alvars: 12 saints; Vaishnavite; Tamil; Nalayira Divya Prabandham; Andal = only woman
✅ Nayanmars: 63 saints; Shaivite; Tamil; Tevaram (Appar, Sambandar, Sundarar)
✅ Ramanuja: Vishishtadvaita; opened temples to all castes; Sri Vaishnava tradition
✅ Madhva: Dvaita; Udupi tradition
✅ Basavanna: Lingayat movement; Karnataka; Vachanas; Anubhava Mantapa
✅ Ramananda: First to preach Bhakti in Hindi; disciples = Kabir, Ravidas, Sena, Dhanna
✅ Kabir: Weaver; Nirguna; rejected Hindu AND Muslim orthodoxy; Bijak; Kabir Panthis
✅ Mirabai: Rajput princess; Krishna devotee; bhajans
✅ Tulsidas: Ramcharitmanas + Hanuman Chalisa; Rama devotee
✅ Surdas: Blind poet; Sur Sagar; Krishna’s childhood; Vallabhacharya’s disciple
✅ Chaitanya: Bengal; Gaudiya Vaishnavism; kirtan; ISKCON roots
✅ Tukaram: Maharashtra; Abhangas; Warkari tradition; Vitthal devotee
✅ Guru Nanak: Founded Sikhism; Nirguna; Adi Granth; 1469–1539
✅ Chishti order: Most popular in India; music allowed; rejected state patronage
✅ Moinuddin Chishti: Ajmer; “Garib Nawaz”; Akbar visited on foot
✅ Nizamuddin Auliya: Delhi; “Mehboob-e-Ilahi”; refused to meet sultans
✅ Amir Khusrau: “Parrot of India”; sitar + tabla; khayal music; disciple of Nizamuddin
✅ Naqshbandi: Most orthodox; Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi = “Mujaddid Alf Sani”
✅ Impact: Challenged caste; promoted vernacular languages; composite culture (Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb)