Topic 03 of 6 · Chapter 04 · Indian Economy
Make in India, Startup India & Atmanirbhar Bharat
Key government initiatives to boost manufacturing, entrepreneurship, and self-reliance — objectives and achievements.
📋 In This Article
1. Make in India
Make in India was launched on September 25, 2014 by PM Narendra Modi. Its objectives:
- Increase manufacturing sector’s contribution to GDP from 16% to 25% by 2025
- Create 100 million jobs in manufacturing by 2022
- Attract FDI into manufacturing
- Improve India’s ranking in Ease of Doing Business
- Focus on 25 sectors including automobiles, defence, electronics, textiles
⭐ Make in India Symbol: The Make in India logo is a lion made of cogs — representing strength, manufacturing, and national pride. The lion is India’s national animal.
2. Startup India
Startup India was launched on January 16, 2016 to build a strong ecosystem for startups in India.
- Tax exemption for startups for 3 years
- Self-certification compliance for 9 labour and environment laws
- Fund of Funds — ₹10,000 crore corpus to invest in startups
- Fast-track patent examination
- India is now the 3rd largest startup ecosystem globally
- India has 100+ unicorns (startups valued at $1 billion+)
3. Atmanirbhar Bharat
Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India) was announced by PM Modi on May 12, 2020 during COVID-19 pandemic. It aims to make India self-reliant in key sectors.
- Economic package of ₹20 lakh crore (10% of GDP)
- Five pillars: Economy, Infrastructure, System, Vibrant Demography, Demand
- Focus on local manufacturing — “Vocal for Local”
- Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme — incentives for manufacturing in 14 sectors
- Reduce import dependence in critical sectors
✅ PLI Scheme: Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme provides financial incentives to manufacturers based on incremental sales. It covers 14 sectors including mobile phones, pharmaceuticals, automobiles, textiles, food processing. India aims to become a global manufacturing hub through PLI.
4. Other Key Industrial Initiatives
Industrial Corridors
2011 onwards
Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC), Chennai-Bengaluru Industrial Corridor — world-class industrial infrastructure
Digital India
2015
Transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy
Smart Cities Mission
2015
Develop 100 smart cities with world-class infrastructure and technology
Skill India
2015
Skill 400 million people by 2022 through PMKVY and other programmes
5. Key Points for Exam
🔑 Must-Remember Facts
- Make in India launched: September 25, 2014
- Make in India target: Manufacturing = 25% of GDP
- Make in India focuses on 25 sectors
- Startup India launched: January 16, 2016
- India = 3rd largest startup ecosystem globally
- India has 100+ unicorns
- Atmanirbhar Bharat announced: May 12, 2020
- Atmanirbhar Bharat package: ₹20 lakh crore
- PLI scheme covers 14 sectors
- DMIC = Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor