โก Topic 06 of 6 ยท Chapter 15 ยท Quick Revision
Partition, Independence & Quick Revision
Mountbatten Plan, Independence 1947, integration of princely states, Sardar Patel, complete revision checklist.
๐ฎ๐ณ Partition & Independence (1947)
- Mountbatten Plan (June 3, 1947): Partition of India into two dominions โ India and Pakistan
- Indian Independence Act (July 18, 1947): British Parliament passed; India and Pakistan to become independent
- Pakistan: August 14, 1947 (Jinnah as Governor-General)
- India: August 15, 1947 (Nehru as PM; Mountbatten as Governor-General)
- Nehru’s “Tryst with Destiny” speech at midnight of August 14-15, 1947
- Partition violence: ~1 million killed; 10-15 million displaced โ largest mass migration in history
๐๏ธ Integration of Princely States
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (Deputy PM and Home Minister) integrated 562 princely states
- Called “Iron Man of India” for this achievement
- Hyderabad: Operation Polo (September 1948) โ police action; Nizam surrendered
- Junagadh: Integrated by referendum
- Kashmir: Acceded to India in October 1947; dispute continues
- Statue of Unity (world’s tallest statue) in Gujarat dedicated to Sardar Patel
โ Complete Chapter 15 Revision Checklist
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Champaran Satyagraha: 1917; Bihar; Gandhi’s first Satyagraha in India
โ Jallianwala Bagh: April 13, 1919; General Dyer; ~379 killed; Tagore returned knighthood
โ Non-Cooperation Movement: September 1920; first mass movement; Chauri Chaura (Feb 5, 1922) = withdrawal
โ Khilafat Movement: Muslim movement; Gandhi supported; Hindu-Muslim unity
โ Lahore Session: December 1929; Nehru; Purna Swaraj declared; January 26 = Independence Day
โ Dandi March: March 12 โ April 6, 1930; 241 miles; Sabarmati to Dandi; Salt Satyagraha
โ Gandhi-Irwin Pact: March 5, 1931; CDM suspended
โ Poona Pact: September 1932; Gandhi vs Ambedkar; reserved seats for Dalits
โ GoI Act 1935: Provincial autonomy; RBI established; Burma separated
โ Cripps Mission: 1942; Dominion Status after war; Gandhi = “post-dated cheque”
โ Quit India Movement: August 8, 1942; “Do or Die”; Gowalia Tank, Bombay
โ Aruna Asaf Ali: Hoisted Congress flag; led underground Quit India movement
โ Bose escaped: January 1941; Germany then Japan
โ INA formed: Singapore, 1943; Bose took over from Rash Behari Bose
โ Provisional Government: October 21, 1943; Singapore
โ Bose’s slogans: “Give me blood” + “Jai Hind” + “Dilli Chalo”
โ Bose died: August 18, 1945; plane crash; Taiwan
โ Cabinet Mission: 1946; united India; Congress accepted; League rejected
โ Mountbatten Plan: June 3, 1947; partition announced
โ Independence: India = August 15, 1947; Pakistan = August 14, 1947
โ Nehru’s speech: “Tryst with Destiny” = midnight August 14-15, 1947
โ Sardar Patel: Integrated 562 princely states; “Iron Man of India”
โ Operation Polo: September 1948; Hyderabad integrated
โ Simon Commission: 1927; all-British; “Simon Go Back”; Lajpat Rai died after lathi charge
โ Jallianwala Bagh: April 13, 1919; General Dyer; ~379 killed; Tagore returned knighthood
โ Non-Cooperation Movement: September 1920; first mass movement; Chauri Chaura (Feb 5, 1922) = withdrawal
โ Khilafat Movement: Muslim movement; Gandhi supported; Hindu-Muslim unity
โ Lahore Session: December 1929; Nehru; Purna Swaraj declared; January 26 = Independence Day
โ Dandi March: March 12 โ April 6, 1930; 241 miles; Sabarmati to Dandi; Salt Satyagraha
โ Gandhi-Irwin Pact: March 5, 1931; CDM suspended
โ Poona Pact: September 1932; Gandhi vs Ambedkar; reserved seats for Dalits
โ GoI Act 1935: Provincial autonomy; RBI established; Burma separated
โ Cripps Mission: 1942; Dominion Status after war; Gandhi = “post-dated cheque”
โ Quit India Movement: August 8, 1942; “Do or Die”; Gowalia Tank, Bombay
โ Aruna Asaf Ali: Hoisted Congress flag; led underground Quit India movement
โ Bose escaped: January 1941; Germany then Japan
โ INA formed: Singapore, 1943; Bose took over from Rash Behari Bose
โ Provisional Government: October 21, 1943; Singapore
โ Bose’s slogans: “Give me blood” + “Jai Hind” + “Dilli Chalo”
โ Bose died: August 18, 1945; plane crash; Taiwan
โ Cabinet Mission: 1946; united India; Congress accepted; League rejected
โ Mountbatten Plan: June 3, 1947; partition announced
โ Independence: India = August 15, 1947; Pakistan = August 14, 1947
โ Nehru’s speech: “Tryst with Destiny” = midnight August 14-15, 1947
โ Sardar Patel: Integrated 562 princely states; “Iron Man of India”
โ Operation Polo: September 1948; Hyderabad integrated
โ Simon Commission: 1927; all-British; “Simon Go Back”; Lajpat Rai died after lathi charge