๐ Topic 04 of 6 ยท Chapter 15 ยท Gandhian Era & Independence
Subhash Chandra Bose & INA
Bose’s escape, Azad Hind Fauj (INA), “Give me blood and I will give you freedom”, INA trials, impact on British decision.
๐ Subhash Chandra Bose โ Early Career
- Born in Cuttack, Odisha (January 23, 1897)
- Elected Congress president twice โ 1938 (Haripura) and 1939 (Tripuri)
- Resigned in 1939 due to differences with Gandhi โ formed Forward Bloc
- Placed under house arrest in Calcutta (1940)
- Escaped from house arrest in January 1941 โ went to Afghanistan, then Germany
โ๏ธ Azad Hind Fauj (Indian National Army)
| Event | Date | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Bose reached Singapore | 1943 | Came from Germany via submarine; took over INA from Rash Behari Bose |
| Provisional Government of Free India declared | October 21, 1943 | Singapore; Bose became Head of State; recognised by Japan, Germany, Italy |
| INA advance to Imphal-Kohima | 1944 | INA advanced into Northeast India; reached Imphal and Kohima |
| INA defeated | 1944โ45 | British counterattack; Japanese retreat; INA collapsed |
| Bose’s death | August 18, 1945 | Plane crash in Taiwan; circumstances disputed |
๐ Bose’s Famous Slogans
- “Give me blood and I will give you freedom” โ addressed to Indian soldiers and civilians in Southeast Asia
- “Jai Hind” (Long live India) โ became India’s national slogan
- “Dilli Chalo” (March to Delhi) โ battle cry of INA
- “Tum mujhe khoon do, main tumhe azadi dunga” โ Hindi version of the famous slogan
โ๏ธ INA Trials (1945โ46)
- British tried INA officers at Red Fort, Delhi (1945โ46)
- Three officers tried: Shah Nawaz Khan, P.K. Sehgal, G.S. Dhillon
- Massive public support for INA โ Nehru, Bhulabhai Desai defended them
- British eventually released all INA prisoners โ public pressure was too great
- INA trials contributed to the British decision to leave India
โญ INA’s Impact: The INA trials had a profound impact. They showed that Indian soldiers were willing to fight against the British. The massive public support for INA officers demonstrated the depth of anti-British sentiment. The Royal Indian Navy Mutiny (February 1946) โ inspired by INA โ further convinced the British that they could no longer rely on Indian soldiers to maintain their rule.
๐ Exam Tip:
โข Bose escaped from house arrest = January 1941 = went to Germany then Japan
โข INA formed = Singapore = 1943 = Bose took over from Rash Behari Bose
โข Provisional Government = October 21, 1943 = Singapore
โข Bose’s slogans = “Give me blood” + “Jai Hind” + “Dilli Chalo”
โข Bose died = August 18, 1945 = plane crash = Taiwan
โข Bose escaped from house arrest = January 1941 = went to Germany then Japan
โข INA formed = Singapore = 1943 = Bose took over from Rash Behari Bose
โข Provisional Government = October 21, 1943 = Singapore
โข Bose’s slogans = “Give me blood” + “Jai Hind” + “Dilli Chalo”
โข Bose died = August 18, 1945 = plane crash = Taiwan