Why in News?
After a phase of tensions along the Ladakh border, India and China have resumed bilateral engagement under the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a major regional organization focusing on security, economic cooperation, and regional stability.
Basic Facts
- Founded: June 15, 2001 (Shanghai, China)
- Headquarters: Beijing, China
- Official Languages: Russian and Chinese
Evolution and Membership
- Originated from Shanghai Five (1996):
- China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan
- Current Members (2026): 10 countries
- Founding members +
- India & Pakistan (2017)
- Iran (2023)
- Belarus (2024)
Organizational Structure
- Council of Heads of State
- Highest decision-making body
- Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS)
- Located in Tashkent
- Focuses on counter-terrorism and security cooperation
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