APPSC Group-1 2017 Science & Technology PYQs

In terrestrial ecosystems, herbaceous and woody plants (autotrophs) are the major producers as they convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis. Phytoplankton are producers in aquatic ecosystems.

Hip roof is the best design to reduce wind forces during cyclones as it has slopes on all four sides, allowing wind to flow over it smoothly without creating uplift forces.

Onion is commonly cultivated by transplanting seedlings from nursery beds to the main field. Maize, carrot, and soybean are typically direct-seeded crops.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (most common) is characterized by high blood sugar levels due to low insulin production or insulin resistance, resulting in inadequate insulin effect.

A diode allows current to flow in one direction only, making it useful for converting alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) through rectification.

Krytron is a cold-cathode gas-filled tube used as a high-speed switch to trigger the detonators in nuclear weapons with precise timing.

Lysozyme is an enzyme found in tears that destroys bacteria by breaking down their cell walls. It provides natural protection against bacterial infections.

In eye donation, the cornea (transparent front part of the eye) is transplanted. Corneal transplant restores vision in people with damaged or diseased corneas.

Hard water contains dissolved inorganic salts (calcium and magnesium compounds) which react with soap to form insoluble precipitates (scum), reducing foam formation.

Robert Koch discovered Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB Bacillus) in 1882. For this discovery, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1905.

GSLV Mk-III is considered a ‘game changer’ for ISRO as it can launch 4-tonne class satellites to GTO, enabling India to launch heavier communication satellites independently.

National Science Day on February 28 commemorates C.V. Raman’s discovery of the Raman Effect in 1928, for which he won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.

TAPAS-201 (Tactical Airborne Platform for Aerial Surveillance-Beyond Horizon) is the medium altitude long endurance UAV developed by DRDO, successfully flown in November 2016.

The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission target was revised to 100 GW of solar power capacity by 2022, up from the original 20 GW target.

The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) launched in 2008 initially had 8 national missions covering solar energy, enhanced energy efficiency, sustainable habitat, water, Himalayan ecosystem, green India, sustainable agriculture, and strategic knowledge.

Malaria affects blood cells (R); Filaria affects lymph nodes (S); Encephalitis affects the brain (Q); Leukaemia is cancer of blood cells originating in bone marrow (P). Correct matching: A-R, B-S, C-Q, D-P.