The Election Commission of India (ECI) is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India. It ensures free, fair, and transparent elections, which are the backbone of democracy.
Constitutional Provisions
- Article 324: Provides for the establishment of the ECI.
- It vests the superintendence, direction, and control of elections in the Commission.
Elections Conducted by ECI:
- Lok Sabha
- Rajya Sabha
- State Legislative Assemblies & Councils
- President and Vice-President of India
Composition of ECI
- Initially: Single-member body (only Chief Election Commissioner)
- Present: Multi-member body (3 members)
- Chief Election Commissioner (CEC)
- Two Election Commissioners (ECs)
Appointment:
- Appointed by the President of India
Tenure:
- 6 years or until age of 65 years (whichever earlier)
Removal of Members
- CEC: Removed like a Supreme Court judge
(by Parliament through impeachment – Article 324(5)) - Election Commissioners: Removed by President on recommendation of CEC
This ensures independence of the Commission
Revision:
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Article | 324 |
| Type | Constitutional Body |
| Members | 3 (CEC + 2 ECs) |
| Appointment | President |
| Removal of CEC | Like SC Judge |
| Functions | Conduct elections, MCC, advisory role |
For detailed explanation on Procedure for removal of CEC, Click here