What is the Montreal Protocol?
Montreal Protocol (1987) is a landmark international treaty aimed at protecting the ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS) like CFCs and HCFCs
- It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.
Key Highlights:
- Adoption & Action: Adopted on September 16, 1987; entered into force in 1989.
- Goal: To protect the ozone layer from CFCs, halons, and other chemicals used in refrigeration and aerosols.
- Kigali Amendment (2016): An important amendment requiring a phase-down of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)—a potent greenhouse gas—to combat climate change. India ratified the Kigali Amendment in 2021.
- Multilateral Fund: Established to assist developing countries in transitioning to non-ODS technologies.
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