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2026 current affairs

PLFS 2025: Key Highlights of India’s Labour Data

Leave a Comment / Daily Current Affairs, Indian Economy Current Affairs /

Why in News:

Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) has released the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) Annual Report 2025, providing crucial insights into employment trends in India

periodic labour force survey

Key Findings of PLFS 2025

  • Unemployment Rate (UR): Remained stable at 3.1%
  • Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR): Stood at 59.3%
    • Indicates proportion of people working or seeking work
  • Worker Population Ratio (WPR): Recorded at 57.4%
    • Shows percentage of employed population

What is PLFS?

  • Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) is India’s main survey for employment and unemployment data.
  • Launched in 2017.
  • Conducted by the National Statistical Office (NSO) under MoSPI.

Frequency of PLFS

  • Quarterly Reports:
    • For urban areas
    • Based on Current Weekly Status (CWS)
  • Annual Reports:
    • For both rural and urban areas
    • Based on Usual Status

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Iran Threatens Closure of Bab al-Mandeb Strait

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Why in News:

Iran has warned that its regional allies may block the Bab al-Mandeb Strait, escalating tensions in a crucial global maritime route. This comes amid disruptions already seen in the Strait of Hormuz, raising serious concerns about global trade and energy security.

bab al mandeb strait

Bab al-Mandeb Strait

The Bab al-Mandeb Strait, meaning β€œGate of Tears” in Arabic, is a vital maritime chokepoint.

Connects:

  • Red Sea (northwest)
  • Gulf of Aden & Indian Ocean (southeast)

Bordering Countries:

  • Yemen (Arabian Peninsula – Northeast)
  • Djibouti & Eritrea (Africa – Southwest)

Strategic & Economic Importance

Global Trade Route

  • Acts as a key link between:
    • Mediterranean Sea β†’ Suez Canal β†’ Red Sea β†’ Indian Ocean
  • Essential for trade between Europe, Asia, and Africa

Energy Security

  • Around 12% of global seaborne oil trade passes through
  • About 8% of global LNG shipments transit this route

Impact of Possible Closure

  • Ships may reroute via Cape of Good Hope (South Africa)
  • Leads to: Longer travel time, Higher fuel and logistics costs and worsen inflation and energy crisis globally

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India Leads in Nagoya Protocol Compliance Certificates

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Why in News?

India has emerged as a global leader in issuing Internationally Recognized Certificates of Compliance (IRCCs) under the Nagoya Protocol, contributing over 56% of all certificates worldwide.

nagoya protocol

What are IRCCs?

  • IRCC (Internationally Recognized Certificate of Compliance):
    • A digital certificate issued under the Nagoya Protocol
    • Confirms that access to genetic resources is:
      • Legal
      • Approved by authorities
      • Based on agreed benefit-sharing terms

Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (2010)

The Nagoya Protocol (2010) isΒ a legally binding international agreement under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) that ensures fair sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge.

  • It aims to prevent biopiracy by requiring users to obtain Prior Informed Consent (PIC) and establish Mutually Agreed Terms (MAT) with the provider country, ensuring benefits like royalties or research results are shared.
  • IRCCs are issued under this protocol

To know more about Convention on Biological Diversity, Click here

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Iran War and Stagflation Risks

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Why in News?

The ongoing Iran War (2026) has created disruptions in global energy supplies, especially oil. This has raised concerns among economists about a possible stagflation scenario, which combines inflation with economic slowdown.

stagflation

What is Stagflation?

  • Stagflation is a rare economic condition where:
    • Economic growth is slow or stagnant
    • Unemployment is high
    • Inflation is high simultaneously

Impact of Iran War on Global Economy

  • The conflict has affected oil supply routes and production.
  • Leads to increase in global crude oil prices.
  • Causes higher fuel and transportation costs worldwide.
  • Triggers inflationary pressures in many countries.
  • May slow down global economic growth due to rising costs.

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Defence ministry clears β‚Ή39,000 Cr Ghatak Stealth Drone Project

Leave a Comment / Daily Current Affairs, Defence Current Affairs /

Why in News?

India has taken a major step in strengthening its defence capabilities by approving a β‚Ή39,000 crore project to develop advanced stealth drones. These drones, known as Ghatak, will significantly enhance the Indian Air Force’s (IAF) strike capabilities using indigenous technology.

ghatak project

What is the Ghatak Project?

  • The Ghatak is an unmanned stealth combat aerial vehicle (UCAV).
  • It is also referred to as the Remotely Piloted Strike Aircraft (RPSA) programme.
  • Developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
  • Designed mainly for deep penetration strike missions in hostile territories.

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India’s First Fast Breeder Reactor Achieves Criticality

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Why in News?

India has reached a significant milestone in its nuclear energy programme as the first indigenous Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, has achieved criticality. This marks a major step towards energy security and efficient utilization of nuclear fuel resources.

fast breeder reactor

What is β€˜Criticality’?

  • It indicates that the reactor is operational and ready for controlled power generation.
  • Criticality refers to the stage when a nuclear reactor sustains a self-sustaining chain reaction.

About India’s PFBR at Kalpakkam

  • Location: Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu
  • Capacity: 500 MWe
  • Type: Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR)
  • Developed by: BHAVINI (Bharatiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam Limited

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World Health Day: 2026

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World Health Day is celebrated annually on 7 April to mark the anniversary of the founding of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948.

world health day

2026 Theme: “Together for Health. Stand with Science

This year’s campaign focuses on the power of scientific collaboration and evidence-based decision-making to protect the health of people, animals, plants, and the entire planet

History & Background

  • WHO was established on April 7, 1948
  • The first World Health Day was celebrated in 1950
  • The day highlights priority health concerns identified by WHO

To know more about World Health Day, Click here

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Chairs of both Houses reject notice seeking CEC’s removal

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Why in News?

Chairpersons of both Houses of Parliament rejected a notice submitted by Opposition Members of Parliament seeking the removal of the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC). It sought the removal of the current Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar

election commission of india

Constitutional Provision: Article 324(5)

  • Article 324 deals with the Election Commission of India (ECI).
  • Clause (5) ensures security of tenure for the CEC.
  • It states that:
    • The CEC can be removed only in the same manner and on the same grounds as a Supreme Court Judge.

Grounds for Removal of CEC:

The CEC can be removed only on:

  • Proven misbehaviour
  • Incapacity

These conditions ensure independence and prevent arbitrary removal.

Procedure for Removal of CEC

The process is similar to the removal of a Supreme Court Judge and follows the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968. The procedure is as follows

1. Initiation of Motion
  • Requires:
    • At least 100 Lok Sabha MPs, OR
    • At least 50 Rajya Sabha MPs
Admission & Investigation
  • The motion is submitted to:
    • Lok Sabha Speaker or Rajya Sabha Chairman
  • If admitted, a 3-member inquiry committee is formed:
    • A Supreme Court Judge
    • A Chief Justice of a High Court
    • A Distinguished jurist
3. Parliamentary Approval
  • If charges are proven:
    • Both Houses must pass the motion with a Special Majority:
      • Majority of total membership AND
      • Two-thirds of members present and voting
4. Final Removal
  • After Parliament passes the motion:
    • The President of India issues the final removal order.

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3 ships – Dunagiri, Sanshodhak, and Agray – handed over to Navy

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Why in News?

In a significant boost to India’s maritime strength, Garden Reach Shipbuilding and Engineers Ltd (GRSE) handed over three advanced naval platforms β€” Dunagiri, Sanshodhak, and Agray β€” to the Indian Navy.

dunagiri, sanshodhak, and agray

1. INS Dunagiri (Project 17A)

  • Type: Stealth Frigate
  • Class: Nilgiri Class
  • Project: Project 17A
  • Position: Fifth ship in the series

2. INS Agray (Arnala Class ASW SWC)

  • Type: Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft
  • Class: Arnala Class
  • Position: Fourth of eight vessels

INS Sanshodhak (Survey Vessel Large)

  • Type: Survey Vessel (Large)
  • Position: Final ship in SVL Project

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CMS COP15 Concludes in Brazil; 40 New Species Granted Protection

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Why in News?

The 15th Conference of Parties (CMS COP15) to the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species (CMS) concluded in Campo Grande, Brazil, with a major decision to grant protection to 40 additional migratory species.

cms cop15

About CMS (Bonn Convention)

  • Full Name: Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals
  • Also known as: Bonn Convention
  • Established under: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

Key Features:

  • An intergovernmental treaty
  • Focuses on:
    • Conservation of migratory species
    • Protection of their habitats and migration routes
  • Covers:
    • Terrestrial animals
    • Aquatic species
    • Birds (avian species)

It is the only global convention dedicated exclusively to migratory species

CMS Appendices (Important for Exams)

Appendix I

  • Includes species threatened with extinction
  • Requires:
    • Strict protection measures
    • Ban on hunting or exploitation

Appendix II

  • Includes species that:
    • Need international cooperation
  • Encourages:
    • Agreements between countries for conservation

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