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Indian Polity and Constitution MCQs

This section covers essential Indian Polity questions, focusing on the Constitution, the Preamble, Fundamental Rights, and the roles of the President and Parliament. It’s designed to help you master the key concepts and legal frameworks frequently tested in competitive exams

April 2026 (1st Week) Current affairs Practice Questions

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1. The power to adjourn the House sine die lies with:

 
 
 
 

2. Rajya Sabha Deputy Chairman is elected by:

 
 
 
 

3. Artemis II crew includes first person of colour to Moon vicinity:

 
 
 
 

4. Space Launch System (SLS) is used for:

 
 
 
 

5. India’s Net-Zero target year is:

 
 
 
 

6. LiFE movement mentioned in NDC stands for:

 
 
 
 

7. Modified UDAN will develop airports from:

 
 
 
 

8. PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana is related to:

 
 
 
 

9. Nalanda stampede on 1 April 2026 killed how many women?

 
 
 
 

10. NCRB has collected stampede data since:

 
 
 
 

11. India added wind power capacity in FY25-26:

 
 
 
 

12. Menaka Guruswamy is known for:

 
 
 
 

13. Kar Saathi is:

 
 
 
 

14. Amul turnover milestone April 2026:

 
 
 
 

15. Digital census outlay:

 
 
 
 


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Economic Impact of British Rule & Social Reforms

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πŸ“Š Chapter 13 Β· Modern India Β· Indian History

Economic Impact of British Rule & Social Reforms

Drain of wealth, deindustrialisation, land revenue systems; Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Arya Samaj, Brahmo Samaj, Widow Remarriage Act. Complete UPSC & PSC notes.

6
Sub-Topics
10
Practice MCQs
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PYQs
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πŸ“Œ What You Will Learn in This Chapter

βœ… Drain of wealth theory β€” Dadabhai Naoroji
βœ… Deindustrialisation & destruction of handicrafts
βœ… Permanent Settlement, Ryotwari, Mahalwari systems
βœ… Raja Ram Mohan Roy β€” Brahmo Samaj, abolition of Sati (1829)
βœ… Dayananda Saraswati β€” Arya Samaj (1875), Ramakrishna Mission
βœ… Macaulay’s Minute (1835), Wood’s Despatch (1854)

πŸ“š Chapter Sub-Topics β€” Click to Read
Topic 01
Economic Impact of British Rule
Drain of wealth theory (Dadabhai Naoroji), deindustrialisation, destruction of handicrafts, commercialisation of agriculture.

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Topic 02
Land Revenue Systems
Permanent Settlement (Zamindari), Ryotwari, Mahalwari systems β€” features, areas, impact on peasants.

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Topic 03
Social Reform Movements β€” Brahmo Samaj
Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Brahmo Samaj (1828), abolition of Sati (1829), widow remarriage, women’s education.

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Topic 04
Arya Samaj & Other Reform Movements
Dayananda Saraswati, Arya Samaj (1875), Ramakrishna Mission, Vivekananda, Theosophical Society.

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Topic 05
Educational Reforms & Press
Macaulay’s Minute (1835), Wood’s Despatch (1854), universities, vernacular press, role of education in nationalism.

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Topic 06
Economic Impact & Social Reforms β€” Revision
Key reformers, acts, dates, complete chapter revision checklist.

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What is the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)?

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The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is an international legally binding treaty aimed at conserving biological diversity and ensuring its sustainable use.

  • Adopted: 1992
  • Place: Rio Earth Summit
  • Entered into force: 1993
convention on biological diversity

Objectives of CBD:

The CBD has three main objectives:

  1. Conservation of Biological Diversity
  2. Sustainable Use of its Components
  3. Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits arising from genetic resources

These are commonly called the β€œ3 Pillars of CBD”

Protocols under CBD

1. Cartagena Protocol (2000)

  • Full name: Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
  • Focus: Safe handling and transfer of Living Modified Organisms (LMOs)
  • Related to biotechnology & GMOs

2. Nagoya Protocol (2010)

  • Full name: Nagoya Protocol
  • Focus: Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) of genetic resources
  • Ensures fair compensation to countries/communities

Institutional Structure

1. Conference of Parties (COP)

  • Supreme decision-making body
  • Meets every 2 years

2. Secretariat

  • Located in Montreal
  • Administers CBD implementation

Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (2022)

Adopted at COP15 of CBD. Key Targets (30×30 Target)

  • Protect 30% of land and oceans by 2030
  • Restore degraded ecosystems
  • Reduce pollution and biodiversity loss

India and CBD

  • India is a party to CBD

Legal Framework in India

1. Biological Diversity Act, 2002
  • Implements CBD provisions
2. National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)
  • Established in Chennai

For current affairs related to Environment and ecology click here

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