PSC Chronicles Team | PSC Chronicles

Supreme Court Seeks Replies on RTE Implementation

Why in News?

The Supreme Court of India has asked the Centre, States, and Union Territories to respond to a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) demanding effective implementation of the Right to Education (RTE) Act.

Understanding Public Interest Litigation (PIL):

PIL allows any individual or organization to approach the court in the interest of the public, especially for marginalized sections.

Key Features

Relaxation of Locus Standi: Anyone can file a case, not just the affected party.
Epistolary Jurisdiction: Courts may accept letters/postcards as petitions.
Suo Motu Action: Courts can initiate cases on their own.

Historical Background

Introduced during the late 1970s–1980s.
Key contributors:
- Justice P. N. Bhagwati
- Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer
Considered a major tool of judicial activism in India.

Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009 – Key Points

Constitutional Basis

Article 21A: Makes education a Fundamental Right (6–14 years).
86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002 introduced this provision.
Supporting provisions:
- Article 45: Early childhood care (DPSP)
- Article 51A(k): Duty of parents to provide education

Major Provisions

Free & Compulsory Education for children aged 6–14 years (Classes I–VIII)
25% Reservation in private unaided schools for:
- Economically Weaker Sections (EWS)

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India Becomes 3rd Largest in Renewable Energy Capacity

Why in News?

India has achieved a major milestone in the global energy sector by becoming the third-largest country in renewable energy capacity, surpassing Brazil.

Global Renewable Energy Rankings (2025)

1st – China
2nd – United States
3rd – India
4th – Brazil

India’s Non-Fossil Fuel Capacity Breakdown (283.46 GW)

Solar Energy: 150.26 GW
Wind Energy: 56.09 GW (4th largest globally)
Large Hydro Power: 51.41 GW
Nuclear Energy: 8.78 GW

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India’s First Quantum Test Beds Launched in Andhra Pradesh-Key facts for APPSC exams

Leave a Comment / Daily Current Affairs, Andhra Pradesh Current Affairs / PSC Chronicles Team

Why in News?

In a major step towards advancing cutting-edge technology, Andhra Pradesh has established India’s first Quantum Test and Reference Facilities in Amaravati. This initiative positions the state as a leader in India’s emerging quantum technology ecosystem

Facilities Launched:

1Q Quantum Facility
- Located at Medha Towers, Gannavaram
- Developed by Qubitekk
- Focus: Advanced quantum hardware testing
1S Quantum Facility
- Located at SRM University
- Based on superconducting quantum technology
- Focus: Research and development

What are Quantum Test Beds?

Quantum test beds are specialized facilities used to:
- Test quantum computing hardware
- Validate performance and reliability
- Provide certification standards for quantum systems
They are essential for developing secure, scalable, and efficient quantum technologies

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Government e-Marketplace (GeM) – Key facts for UPSC and State PSC exams

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What is Government e-Marketplace (GeM)?

The Government e-Marketplace (GeM) is an online procurement platform launched by the Government of India to facilitate transparent and efficient purchasing of goods and services by government departments.

Launched: 2016
Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Commerce and Industry

It acts an online portal to facilitate the end-to-end procurement of common-use goods and services by various Government Departments, Organizations, and Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs).
The GeM portal is built on three fundamental pillars: Inclusion, Efficiency, and Transparency

Major Initiatives under GeM

SWAYATT: Promotes Startups, Women and Youth Advantage Through e–Transactions.
Womaniya: A dedicated initiative to enable women entrepreneurs and Self-Help Groups (SHGs) to sell handicrafts and other products.
Start-up Runway: Provides a platform for startups to showcase unique, innovative products to government buyers.

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GeM Womaniya Initiative: 2 Lakh Women Entrepreneurs Registered

Leave a Comment / Daily Current Affairs, Indian Economy Current Affairs / PSC Chronicles Team

Why in News?

The GeM Womaniya Initiative has achieved a major milestone, with over 2 lakh women-led Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) registered on the platform. In FY 2025–26, these entrepreneurs secured 13.7 lakh orders, highlighting the growing role of women in public procurement.

What is GeM Womaniya Initiative?

GeM Womaniya is a flagship initiative under the Government e-Marketplace (GeM).
It aims to empower women entrepreneurs and Self-Help Groups (SHGs).
Focus: Integrating women-led businesses into government procurement systems.

Key Features:

Direct access to government buyers (ministries, departments, PSUs)
No intermediaries → better profit margins
Fully digital & transparent platform
Promotes inclusive economic growth

About Government e-Marketplace (GeM)

Launched by: Ministry of Commerce and Industry
Type: National Public Procurement Portal
Main function: Dedicated online portal for the procurement of common-use goods and services required by various government departments, ministries, and public sector undertakings (PSUs).

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India’s First Openly Queer MP: Notes for UPSC and PSC exams

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Why in News?

Senior Supreme Court advocate Menaka Guruswamy has created history by becoming India’s first openly queer Member of Parliament. Her entry into the Rajya Sabha marks a major milestone for LGBTQIA+ representation in Indian politics

Understanding LGBTQIA+

LGBTQIA+ is an umbrella term representing diverse sexual orientations and gender identities:

Lesbian & Gay: Attraction towards same gender
Bisexual: Attraction towards more than one gender
Transgender: Gender identity differs from assigned sex at birth
Queer/Questioning: Non-heteronormative identities or exploring identity
Intersex: Born with biological traits that don’t fit typical male/female categories
+ (Plus): Includes other identities like asexual, pansexual, etc.

About Rajya Sabha (Council of States)

The Rajya Sabha is the Upper House of Parliament
Represents States and Union Territories
Maximum Strength: 250 members
Permanent Body: Cannot be dissolved
Tenure: 6 years per member
Retirement System: 1/3rd members retire every 2 years
Election Method: Indirect election by State Legislative Assemblies using Proportional Representation

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